EPSG Code: 15868

Germany, new Federal States - see Operation method remarks

2001, 31 identical points from German GPS Network DREF in 
the new federal states 

7 Parameter Helmert Transformation,
 |X|   |X|    |Tx|   |  0  -Rz   Ry |   |X|       |X|
 |Y| = |Y| +  |Ty| + | Rz   0   -Rx | * |Y| + D * |Y|
 |Z|   |Z|    |Tz|   |-Ry   Rx    0 |   |Z|       |Z|
    T     S                                S         S

T          ... Target Datum 
S          ... Source Datum 
Tx, Ty, Tz ... geocentric X/Y/Z translations  [m]
Rx Ry, Rz  ... rotations around X/Y/Z axis    [radian]
D          ... correction of scale            [ppm]

see
Boucher, C., Altamimi, Z. (1992): The EUREF Terrestrial 
Reference System and its First Realizations. 
Veröffentlichungen der Bayerischen Kommission für die 
Internationale Erdmessung, Heft 52, München 1992, pages 
205-213 (1) 

REMARKS: in (1) correction of scale D is included in the 
rotation matrix 

******************* Attention *******************
In some transformation applications a different formula 
than the formula above could be in use. The signs and order 
of the rotation parameters are then define differently and 
rotation unit can be arcseconds. For test purposes you can 
find in this information system verification data to check 
your application to get correct results. 
 
Distinguish the following cases:
a) change of signs of rotation (Coordinate Frame Rotation)
   Rx = -Rx
   Ry = -Ry
   Rz = -Rz

b) change of signs and order of rotation 
   Rx = -Rz
   Ry = -Ry
   Rz = -Rx
******************* Attention *******************

altough RD/83 is the concrete realisation of DHDN and only 
valid in federal state Sachsen this parameters can be used 
in consideration of the available accuracy as parameters 
for all transformations from DHDN (East) to ETRS89 because 
in submeter level PD/83, RD/83 in new federal states are 
equal and are only names for concrete realisations of DHDN